Home
About
Contact
Demos
Learn
API
Pricing
|
Log In
Sign Up
WARNING: You need to activate JavaScript otherwise this site will not work correctly. Please
contact us for any questions or help
.
➤
back
Demo Transcription
Transcription Details:
Date:
October 8, 2026
Type:
YouTube
Source:
Spanish
Destinations:
en,es
Duration:
0:06:16
Processing time:
0:02:59
¿Qué efecto tiene el café en el cuerpo? | BBC Mundo
Transcription text:
Cuando termines de ver este video, en todo el mundo se habrán bebido 8 millones de tazas de café. El café se consume desde hace más de 1500 años y algunos dicen que su impacto es tan grande que ayudó a impulsar la Ilustración, que dio lugar a algunas de las grandes ideas que sustentan al mundo tal como lo conocemos. El principal ingrediente activo del café es la cafeína, considerada la droga psicoactiva más consumida del planeta. Pero ¿de dónde viene el café y cuál es su efecto cuando lo bebemos? Primero te cuento que proviene del fruto de la planta *Coffea arabica*, originaria de Etiopía. Según una leyenda, un pastor del siglo IX llamado Kaldi notó que sus cabras tenían más energía después de comer bayas de café, así que también decidió probarlas. Pero los registros históricos sugieren que fueron los sufíes de Yemen quienes tostaron la semilla de la baya del café para crear la bebida que conocemos hoy. En el siglo XV, las primeras cafeterías comenzaron a aparecer en todo el Imperio otomano y, en los siglos siguientes, se extendieron por toda Europa. Estos cafés europeos se convirtieron en un espacio para discutir negocios, política y nuevas ideas. El filósofo Jürgen Habermas llegó a decir que sin café no habríamos tenido la Ilustración. Y fueron justamente las ideas de este movimiento cultural e intelectual europeo las que cambiaron radicalmente el mundo. Llevaron al derrocamiento de monarcas, al crecimiento de la democracia y a grandes descubrimientos científicos. ¿Y qué tuvo que ver el café con todo esto? Sus ideas sobre democracia, racionalidad, empirismo, ciencia y capitalismo surgieron de las casas de café. Aunque también el café tuvo un papel en la trata de esclavos: los franceses utilizaron esclavos de África en las plantaciones de Haití y, a principios del siglo XIX, Brasil producía un tercio del café del mundo con mano de obra esclava. Algunos incluso dicen que ayudó a impulsar el capitalismo. Pero avancemos hasta el presente. Actualmente se consumen 2000 millones de tazas de café al día. Es una industria que genera 90 000 millones de dólares al año y forma parte de la vida cotidiana de miles de millones de personas. Pero ¿cómo afecta el café a nuestro organismo? Cuando la cafeína ingresa al sistema digestivo, se absorbe a través del intestino e ingresa al torrente sanguíneo, aunque sus efectos solo comienzan a sentirse cuando llega al sistema nervioso. La cafeína tiene una estructura química muy similar a una sustancia producida por nuestro propio cuerpo: la adenosina. La cafeína se une a los receptores de adenosina del cuerpo que se pueden encontrar en la superficie de las células nerviosas. Es como una llave que abre una cerradura. La adenosina es conocida por ralentizar el sistema nervioso simpático y, por tanto, reduce el ritmo cardíaco y genera un estado de somnolencia y relajación. Al bloquear estos receptores, la cafeína genera el efecto contrario. La presión arterial, por ejemplo, puede aumentar ligeramente, especialmente si no estás acostumbrado a tomar café con frecuencia. Lo mismo ocurre con la actividad cerebral: la cafeína estimula el cerebro, reduce el hambre y ayuda a mantenerte alerta para que puedas concentrarte por más tiempo. La cafeína puede tener un impacto positivo en el estado de ánimo, inhibir la sensación de fatiga e incluso mejorar el rendimiento físico. Por eso muchos deportistas la utilizan como complemento. Todos estos efectos pueden durar entre 15 minutos y 2 horas. El cuerpo elimina la cafeína entre 5 y 10 horas después de su consumo, aunque sus efectos residuales pueden durar más. Vale la pena recordar que la cafeína no solo se encuentra en el café; también está en la yerba mate, el té verde, el guaraná y el cacao, entre otras plantas. También se añade a bebidas energéticas, refrescos y medicamentos. Lo que cambia es la concentración en cada producto. Por ejemplo, un espresso tiene cerca de 64 miligramos de cafeína, mientras que un té verde tiene 28 miligramos. Ahora bien, el café requiere cierto cuidado al consumirlo. Para adultos sanos, el límite recomendable es de 400 miligramos de cafeína por día, lo que equivale a 4 o 5 tazas de café. Superar este límite puede provocar algunos efectos secundarios como insomnio, irritación, ansiedad, malestar estomacal, náuseas y dolor de cabeza. Por supuesto, todos estos límites varían porque algunas personas son genéticamente más sensibles a la cafeína. Pero cuando se disfruta con moderación, el café puede ser bueno para la salud. Puede ayudar a disminuir el riesgo de diabetes, de algunas enfermedades cardiovasculares y hasta del Párkinson. Y estos beneficios para la salud no solo están relacionados con la cafeína. El café tiene otras sustancias beneficiosas, como el ácido clorogénico, que es un poderoso antioxidante que puede reducir el riesgo de muchas enfermedades. La verdad es que hay muchos más datos interesantes sobre el café, aunque personalmente yo prefiero el mate. Pero si te gustó este video, ya sabes: dale like, compártelo, suscríbete a nuestro canal y nos vemos la próxima.
Download as a .txt file
Download
Copy to clipboard
Copy
Transcription subtitles:
1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:02,320 Cuando termines de ver este video, en todo 2 00:00:02,320 --> 00:00:05,040 el mundo se habrán bebido 8 millones de 3 00:00:05,060 --> 00:00:05,880 tazas de café. 4 00:00:06,870 --> 00:00:09,620 El café se consume desde hace más de 1500 5 00:00:09,620 --> 00:00:12,620 años y algunos dicen que su impacto es tan 6 00:00:12,620 --> 00:00:14,620 grande que ayudó a impulsar la 7 00:00:14,620 --> 00:00:16,960 Ilustración, que dio lugar a algunas de 8 00:00:16,960 --> 00:00:19,480 las grandes ideas que sustentan al mundo 9 00:00:19,480 --> 00:00:20,900 tal como lo conocemos. 10 00:00:22,300 --> 00:00:25,580 El principal ingrediente activo del café 11 00:00:25,580 --> 00:00:27,980 es la cafeína, considerada la droga 12 00:00:27,980 --> 00:00:30,120 psicoactiva más consumida del planeta. 13 00:00:33,420 --> 00:00:35,740 Pero de dónde viene el café y cuál es su 14 00:00:35,740 --> 00:00:37,160 efecto cuando lo bebemos? 15 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:41,940 Primero te cuento que proviene del fruto 16 00:00:41,940 --> 00:00:44,460 de la planta Coffea arabica originaria de 17 00:00:44,460 --> 00:00:44,900 Etiopía. 18 00:00:45,990 --> 00:00:49,020 Según una leyenda, un pastor del siglo IX 19 00:00:49,020 --> 00:00:51,560 llamado Kaldi notó que sus cabras tenían 20 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:53,820 más energía después de comer bayas de 21 00:00:53,820 --> 00:00:54,040 café, 22 00:00:54,740 --> 00:00:56,310 así que también decidió probarlas. 23 00:00:57,120 --> 00:00:59,340 Pero los registros históricos sugieren que 24 00:00:59,340 --> 00:01:01,420 fueron los sufíes de Yemen quienes 25 00:01:01,420 --> 00:01:03,600 tostaron la semilla de la baya del café 26 00:01:04,160 --> 00:01:06,060 para crear la bebida que conocemos hoy. 27 00:01:06,860 --> 00:01:09,460 En el siglo XV, las primeras cafeterías 28 00:01:09,460 --> 00:01:11,420 comenzaron a aparecer en todo el Imperio 29 00:01:11,420 --> 00:01:13,580 otomano y, en los siglos siguientes, se 30 00:01:13,580 --> 00:01:15,320 extendieron por toda Europa. 31 00:01:16,180 --> 00:01:18,220 Estos cafés europeos se convirtieron en un 32 00:01:18,220 --> 00:01:20,580 espacio para discutir negocios, política y 33 00:01:20,580 --> 00:01:21,260 nuevas ideas. 34 00:01:22,180 --> 00:01:24,680 El filósofo Jürgen Habermas llegó a decir 35 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:27,460 que sin café no habríamos tenido la 36 00:01:27,460 --> 00:01:27,740 Ilustración. 37 00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:30,520 Y fueron justamente las ideas de este 38 00:01:30,580 --> 00:01:33,360 movimiento cultural e intelectual europeo 39 00:01:33,400 --> 00:01:35,380 las que cambiaron radicalmente el mundo. 40 00:01:35,740 --> 00:01:38,100 Llevaron al derrocamiento de monarcas, al 41 00:01:38,100 --> 00:01:40,340 crecimiento de la democracia y a grandes 42 00:01:40,340 --> 00:01:41,900 descubrimientos científicos. 43 00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:44,300 Y qué tuvo que ver el café con todo esto? 44 00:02:05,300 --> 00:02:08,100 Sus ideas sobre democracia, racionalidad, 45 00:02:08,300 --> 00:02:10,680 empirismo, ciencia y capitalismo 46 00:02:11,220 --> 00:02:12,800 surgieron de las casas de café. 47 00:02:13,400 --> 00:02:15,220 Aunque también el café tuvo un papel en la 48 00:02:15,220 --> 00:02:16,120 trata de esclavos: 49 00:02:16,800 --> 00:02:18,920 los franceses utilizaron esclavos de 50 00:02:18,920 --> 00:02:21,160 África en las plantaciones de Haití y, a 51 00:02:21,160 --> 00:02:23,680 principios del siglo XIX, Brasil producía 52 00:02:23,680 --> 00:02:26,340 un tercio del café del mundo con mano de 53 00:02:26,340 --> 00:02:26,960 obra esclava. 54 00:02:31,980 --> 00:02:34,620 Algunos incluso dicen que ayudó a impulsar 55 00:02:34,620 --> 00:02:35,320 el capitalismo. 56 00:02:36,620 --> 00:02:37,860 Pero avancemos hasta el presente. 57 00:02:38,430 --> 00:02:41,520 Actualmente se consumen 2000 millones de 58 00:02:41,520 --> 00:02:42,720 tazas de café al día. 59 00:02:45,540 --> 00:02:47,900 Es una industria que genera 90 000 60 00:02:47,900 --> 00:02:49,360 millones de dólares al año 61 00:02:49,880 --> 00:02:51,840 y forma parte de la vida cotidiana de 62 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:53,040 miles de millones de personas. 63 00:02:57,500 --> 00:02:59,820 Pero cómo afecta el café a nuestro 64 00:02:59,820 --> 00:02:59,920 organismo? 65 00:03:03,580 --> 00:03:05,600 Cuando la cafeína ingresa al sistema 66 00:03:05,600 --> 00:03:06,780 digestivo, se 67 00:03:07,340 --> 00:03:09,420 a través del intestino e ingresa al 68 00:03:09,420 --> 00:03:11,920 torrente sanguíneo, aunque sus efectos 69 00:03:11,920 --> 00:03:14,320 solo comienzan a sentirse cuando llega al 70 00:03:14,320 --> 00:03:14,660 sistema nervioso. 71 00:03:15,800 --> 00:03:17,640 La cafeína tiene una estructura química 72 00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:20,040 muy similar a una sustancia producida por 73 00:03:20,040 --> 00:03:21,720 nuestro propio cuerpo: la adenosina. 74 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:26,900 La cafeína se une a los receptores de 75 00:03:26,900 --> 00:03:28,600 adenosina del cuerpo que se pueden 76 00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:30,640 encontrar en la superficie de las células 77 00:03:30,640 --> 00:03:31,300 nerviosas. 78 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:36,120 Es como una llave que abre una cerradura. 79 00:03:36,660 --> 00:03:38,840 La adenosina es conocida por ralentizar el 80 00:03:38,840 --> 00:03:41,120 sistema nervioso simpático y, por tanto, 81 00:03:41,120 --> 00:03:44,040 reduce el ritmo cardíaco y genera un 82 00:03:44,040 --> 00:03:46,360 estado de somnolencia y relajación. 83 00:03:47,800 --> 00:03:49,980 Al bloquear estos receptores, la cafeína 84 00:03:49,980 --> 00:03:51,160 genera el efecto contrario. 85 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:54,300 La presión arterial, por ejemplo, puede 86 00:03:54,300 --> 00:03:56,780 aumentar ligeramente, especialmente si no 87 00:03:56,780 --> 00:03:58,820 estás acostumbrado a tomar café con 88 00:03:58,820 --> 00:03:59,320 frecuencia. 89 00:03:59,780 --> 00:04:01,840 Lo mismo ocurre con la actividad cerebral: 90 00:04:02,420 --> 00:04:04,660 la cafeína estimula el cerebro, reduce el 91 00:04:04,660 --> 00:04:06,640 hambre y ayuda a mantenerte alerta para 92 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:08,500 que puedas concentrarte por más tiempo. 93 00:04:09,960 --> 00:04:12,180 La cafeína puede tener un impacto positivo 94 00:04:12,180 --> 00:04:14,240 en el estado de ánimo, inhibir la 95 00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:17,220 sensación de fatiga e incluso mejorar el 96 00:04:17,220 --> 00:04:18,080 rendimiento físico. 97 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:20,540 Por eso muchos deportistas la utilizan 98 00:04:20,540 --> 00:04:21,400 como complemento. 99 00:04:21,980 --> 00:04:24,240 Todos estos efectos pueden durar entre 15 100 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:25,660 minutos y 2 horas. 101 00:04:26,560 --> 00:04:28,740 El cuerpo elimina la cafeína entre 5 y 10 102 00:04:28,740 --> 00:04:31,380 horas después de su consumo, aunque sus 103 00:04:31,380 --> 00:04:34,140 efectos residuales pueden durar más. 104 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:38,100 Vale la pena recordar que la cafeína no 105 00:04:38,100 --> 00:04:40,080 solo se encuentra en el café; también está 106 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:42,440 en la yerba mate, el té verde, el guaraná 107 00:04:42,440 --> 00:04:44,460 y el cacao, entre otras plantas. 108 00:04:44,820 --> 00:04:46,880 También se añade a bebidas energéticas, 109 00:04:47,080 --> 00:04:48,450 refrescos y medicamentos. 110 00:04:49,300 --> 00:04:51,060 que cambia es la concentración en cada 111 00:04:51,060 --> 00:04:51,220 producto. 112 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:54,700 Por ejemplo, un espresso tiene cerca de 64 113 00:04:54,760 --> 00:04:57,260 miligramos de cafeína, mientras que un té 114 00:04:57,260 --> 00:04:58,660 verde tiene 28 miligramos. 115 00:04:59,400 --> 00:05:01,420 Ahora bien, el café requiere cierto 116 00:05:01,460 --> 00:05:02,780 cuidado al consumirlo. 117 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:05,740 Para adultos sanos, el límite recomendable 118 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:08,300 es de 400 miligramos de cafeína por día, 119 00:05:08,700 --> 00:05:11,220 lo que equivale a 4 o 5 tazas de café. 120 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:14,880 Superar este límite puede provocar algunos 121 00:05:15,100 --> 00:05:16,900 efectos secundarios como insomnio, 122 00:05:16,920 --> 00:05:20,420 irritación, ansiedad, malestar estomacal, 123 00:05:20,490 --> 00:05:22,020 náuseas y dolor de cabeza. 124 00:05:22,300 --> 00:05:24,420 Por supuesto, todos estos límites varían 125 00:05:24,420 --> 00:05:26,060 porque algunas personas son genéticamente 126 00:05:26,140 --> 00:05:27,860 más sensibles a la cafeína. 127 00:05:28,920 --> 00:05:31,220 Pero cuando se disfruta con moderación, el 128 00:05:31,220 --> 00:05:32,960 café puede ser bueno para la salud. 129 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:36,080 Puede ayudar a disminuir el riesgo de 130 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:37,570 diabetes, de algunas enfermedades 131 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:39,780 cardiovasculares y hasta del Párkinson. 132 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:45,460 Y estos beneficios para la salud no solo 133 00:05:45,460 --> 00:05:47,260 están relacionados con la cafeína. 134 00:05:47,700 --> 00:05:49,540 El café tiene otras sustancias 135 00:05:49,540 --> 00:05:52,340 beneficiosas, como el ácido clorogénico, 136 00:05:52,480 --> 00:05:54,760 que es un poderoso antioxidante que puede 137 00:05:54,760 --> 00:05:56,940 reducir el riesgo de muchas enfermedades. 138 00:05:58,000 --> 00:05:59,420 La verdad que hay muchos más datos 139 00:05:59,420 --> 00:06:01,260 interesantes sobre el café, aunque 140 00:06:01,260 --> 00:06:03,800 personalmente yo prefiero el mate. 141 00:06:04,600 --> 00:06:06,640 Pero si te gustó este video, ya sabes: 142 00:06:06,640 --> 00:06:09,100 dale like, compártelo, suscríbete a 143 00:06:09,220 --> 00:06:11,420 nuestro canal y nos vemos la próxima.
Download as a .srt file
Download
Copy to clipboard
Copy
Translations:
English transcription text:
By the time you finish watching this video, 8 million cups of coffee will have been drunk worldwide. Coffee has been consumed for over 1500 years and some say its impact is so great that it helped fuel the Enlightenment, which gave rise to some of the great ideas that underpin the world as we know it. The main active ingredient in coffee is caffeine, considered the most widely consumed psychoactive drug on the planet. But where does coffee come from, and what effect does it have when we drink it? First, let me tell you that it comes from the fruit of the *Coffea arabica* plant, native to Ethiopia. According to legend, a 9th-century shepherd named Kaldi noticed that his goats had more energy after eating coffee berries, so he decided to try them too. But historical records suggest that it was the Sufis of Yemen who roasted the coffee berry seed to create the beverage we know today. In the 15th century, the first coffee shops began to appear throughout the Ottoman Empire, and in the following centuries, they spread across Europe. These European cafés became spaces for discussing business, politics, and new ideas. The philosopher Jürgen Habermas even went so far as to say that without coffee, we wouldn't have had the Enlightenment. And it was precisely the ideas of this European cultural and intellectual movement that radically changed the world. They led to the overthrow of monarchs, the growth of democracy, and great scientific discoveries. And what did coffee have to do with all this? Its ideas about democracy, rationality, empiricism, science, and capitalism emerged from coffee houses. Although coffee also played a role in the slave trade: the French used enslaved Africans on plantations in Haiti, and at the beginning of the 19th century, Brazil produced a third of the world's coffee using slave labor. Some even say it helped to boost capitalism. But let's fast forward to the present. Currently, 2 billion cups of coffee are consumed every day. It's an industry that generates $90 billion annually and is part of the daily lives of billions of people. But how does coffee affect our bodies? When caffeine enters the digestive system, it's absorbed through the intestines and enters the bloodstream, although its effects only begin to be felt when it reaches the nervous system. Caffeine has a chemical structure very similar to a substance produced by our own bodies: adenosine. Caffeine binds to the body's adenosine receptors, which are found on the surface of nerve cells. It's like a key unlocking a lock. Adenosine is known to slow down the sympathetic nervous system and, therefore, reduces heart rate and induces a state of drowsiness and relaxation. By blocking these receptors, caffeine produces the opposite effect. Blood pressure, for example, can rise slightly, especially if you're not used to drinking coffee frequently. The same is true for brain activity: caffeine stimulates the brain, reduces hunger, and helps keep you alert so you can concentrate for longer. Caffeine can have a positive impact on mood, inhibit feelings of fatigue, and even improve physical performance. That's why many athletes use it as a supplement. All these effects can last between 15 minutes and 2 hours. The body eliminates caffeine between 5 and 10 hours after consumption, although its residual effects can last longer. It's worth remembering that caffeine isn't only found in coffee it's also present in yerba mate, green tea, guarana, and cacao, among other plants. It's also added to energy drinks, soft drinks, and medications. What varies is the concentration in each product. For example, an espresso has about 64 milligrams of caffeine, while a green tea has 28 milligrams. However, coffee consumption requires some caution. For healthy adults, the recommended limit is 400 milligrams of caffeine per day, which is equivalent to 4 or 5 cups of coffee. Exceeding this limit can cause side effects such as insomnia, irritability, anxiety, stomach upset, nausea, and headaches. Of course, these limits vary because some people are genetically more sensitive to caffeine. But when enjoyed in moderation, coffee can be good for your health. It can help lower the risk of diabetes, some cardiovascular diseases, and even Parkinson's disease. And these health benefits aren't just related to caffeine. Coffee contains other beneficial substances, such as chlorogenic acid, a powerful antioxidant that can reduce the risk of many diseases. The truth is, there are many more interesting facts about coffee, although personally I prefer yerba mate. But if you liked this video, you know what to do: like it, share it, subscribe to our channel, and we'll see you next time.
Download as a .txt file
Download
Copy to clipboard
Copy
English transcription subtitles:
1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:02,320 By the time you finish watching this video, 2 00:00:02,320 --> 00:00:05,040 8 million cups of coffee will have been 3 00:00:05,060 --> 00:00:05,880 drunk worldwide. 4 00:00:06,870 --> 00:00:09,620 Coffee has been consumed for over 1500 5 00:00:09,620 --> 00:00:12,620 years and some say its impact is so 6 00:00:12,620 --> 00:00:14,620 great that it helped fuel the 7 00:00:14,620 --> 00:00:16,960 Enlightenment, which gave rise to some of 8 00:00:16,960 --> 00:00:19,480 the great ideas that underpin the world 9 00:00:19,480 --> 00:00:20,900 as we know it. 10 00:00:22,300 --> 00:00:25,580 The main active ingredient in coffee 11 00:00:25,580 --> 00:00:27,980 is caffeine, considered the most widely 12 00:00:27,980 --> 00:00:30,120 consumed psychoactive drug on the planet. 13 00:00:33,420 --> 00:00:35,740 But where does coffee come from, and what 14 00:00:35,740 --> 00:00:37,160 effect does it have when we drink it? 15 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:41,940 First, let me tell you that it comes from the fruit 16 00:00:41,940 --> 00:00:44,460 of the *Coffea arabica* plant, native to 17 00:00:44,460 --> 00:00:44,900 Ethiopia. 18 00:00:45,990 --> 00:00:49,020 According to legend, a 9th-century shepherd 19 00:00:49,020 --> 00:00:51,560 named Kaldi noticed that his goats had 20 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:53,820 more energy after eating coffee 21 00:00:53,820 --> 00:00:54,040 berries, 22 00:00:54,740 --> 00:00:56,310 so he decided to try them too. 23 00:00:57,120 --> 00:00:59,340 But historical records suggest that 24 00:00:59,340 --> 00:01:01,420 it was the Sufis of Yemen who 25 00:01:01,420 --> 00:01:03,600 roasted the coffee berry seed 26 00:01:04,160 --> 00:01:06,060 to create the beverage we know today. 27 00:01:06,860 --> 00:01:09,460 In the 15th century, the first coffee shops 28 00:01:09,460 --> 00:01:11,420 began to appear throughout the Ottoman 29 00:01:11,420 --> 00:01:13,580 Empire, and in the following centuries, 30 00:01:13,580 --> 00:01:15,320 they spread across Europe. 31 00:01:16,180 --> 00:01:18,220 These European cafés became spaces 32 00:01:18,220 --> 00:01:20,580 for discussing business, politics, and 33 00:01:20,580 --> 00:01:21,260 new ideas. 34 00:01:22,180 --> 00:01:24,680 The philosopher Jürgen Habermas even went so far as to say 35 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:27,460 that without coffee, we wouldn't have had the 36 00:01:27,460 --> 00:01:27,740 Enlightenment. 37 00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:30,520 And it was precisely the ideas of this 38 00:01:30,580 --> 00:01:33,360 European cultural and intellectual movement 39 00:01:33,400 --> 00:01:35,380 that radically changed the world. 40 00:01:35,740 --> 00:01:38,100 They led to the overthrow of monarchs, the 41 00:01:38,100 --> 00:01:40,340 growth of democracy, and great 42 00:01:40,340 --> 00:01:41,900 scientific discoveries. 43 00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:44,300 And what did coffee have to do with all this? 44 00:02:05,300 --> 00:02:08,100 Its ideas about democracy, rationality, 45 00:02:08,300 --> 00:02:10,680 empiricism, science, and capitalism 46 00:02:11,220 --> 00:02:12,800 emerged from coffee houses. 47 00:02:13,400 --> 00:02:15,220 Although coffee also played a role in the 48 00:02:15,220 --> 00:02:16,120 slave trade: 49 00:02:16,800 --> 00:02:18,920 the French used enslaved 50 00:02:18,920 --> 00:02:21,160 Africans on plantations in Haiti, and 51 00:02:21,160 --> 00:02:23,680 at the beginning of the 19th century, Brazil 52 00:02:23,680 --> 00:02:26,340 produced a third of the world's coffee 53 00:02:26,340 --> 00:02:26,960 using slave labor. 54 00:02:31,980 --> 00:02:34,620 Some even say it helped to boost 55 00:02:34,620 --> 00:02:35,320 capitalism. 56 00:02:36,620 --> 00:02:37,860 But let's fast forward to the present. 57 00:02:38,430 --> 00:02:41,520 Currently, 2 billion 58 00:02:41,520 --> 00:02:42,720 cups of coffee are consumed every day. 59 00:02:45,540 --> 00:02:47,900 It's an industry that generates 60 00:02:47,900 --> 00:02:49,360 $90 billion annually 61 00:02:49,880 --> 00:02:51,840 and is part of the daily lives of 62 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:53,040 billions of people. 63 00:02:57,500 --> 00:02:59,820 But how does coffee affect our 64 00:02:59,820 --> 00:02:59,920 bodies? 65 00:03:03,580 --> 00:03:05,600 When caffeine enters the digestive 66 00:03:05,600 --> 00:03:06,780 system, it's absorbed 67 00:03:07,340 --> 00:03:09,420 through the intestines and enters the 68 00:03:09,420 --> 00:03:11,920 bloodstream, although its effects 69 00:03:11,920 --> 00:03:14,320 only begin to be felt when it reaches the 70 00:03:14,320 --> 00:03:14,660 nervous system. 71 00:03:15,800 --> 00:03:17,640 Caffeine has a chemical structure 72 00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:20,040 very similar to a substance produced by 73 00:03:20,040 --> 00:03:21,720 our own bodies: adenosine. 74 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:26,900 Caffeine binds to the body's 75 00:03:26,900 --> 00:03:28,600 adenosine receptors, which are found 76 00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:30,640 on the surface of nerve 77 00:03:30,640 --> 00:03:31,300 cells. 78 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:36,120 It's like a key unlocking a lock. 79 00:03:36,660 --> 00:03:38,840 Adenosine is known to slow down the 80 00:03:38,840 --> 00:03:41,120 sympathetic nervous system and, therefore, 81 00:03:41,120 --> 00:03:44,040 reduces heart rate and induces a 82 00:03:44,040 --> 00:03:46,360 state of drowsiness and relaxation. 83 00:03:47,800 --> 00:03:49,980 By blocking these receptors, caffeine 84 00:03:49,980 --> 00:03:51,160 produces the opposite effect. 85 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:54,300 Blood pressure, for example, can 86 00:03:54,300 --> 00:03:56,780 rise slightly, especially if you're not 87 00:03:56,780 --> 00:03:58,820 used to drinking coffee 88 00:03:58,820 --> 00:03:59,320 frequently. 89 00:03:59,780 --> 00:04:01,840 The same is true for brain activity: 90 00:04:02,420 --> 00:04:04,660 caffeine stimulates the brain, reduces 91 00:04:04,660 --> 00:04:06,640 hunger, and helps keep you alert so 92 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:08,500 you can concentrate for longer. 93 00:04:09,960 --> 00:04:12,180 Caffeine can have a positive impact 94 00:04:12,180 --> 00:04:14,240 on mood, inhibit feelings 95 00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:17,220 of fatigue, and even improve 96 00:04:17,220 --> 00:04:18,080 physical performance. 97 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:20,540 That's why many athletes use it 98 00:04:20,540 --> 00:04:21,400 as a supplement. 99 00:04:21,980 --> 00:04:24,240 All these effects can last between 15 100 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:25,660 minutes and 2 hours. 101 00:04:26,560 --> 00:04:28,740 The body eliminates caffeine between 5 and 10 102 00:04:28,740 --> 00:04:31,380 hours after consumption, although its 103 00:04:31,380 --> 00:04:34,140 residual effects can last longer. 104 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:38,100 It's worth remembering that caffeine isn't 105 00:04:38,100 --> 00:04:40,080 only found in coffee it's also present 106 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:42,440 in yerba mate, green tea, 107 00:04:42,440 --> 00:04:44,460 guarana, and cacao, among other plants. 108 00:04:44,820 --> 00:04:46,880 It's also added to energy drinks, 109 00:04:47,080 --> 00:04:48,450 soft drinks, and medications. 110 00:04:49,300 --> 00:04:51,060 What varies is the concentration in each 111 00:04:51,060 --> 00:04:51,220 product. 112 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:54,700 For example, an espresso has about 64 113 00:04:54,760 --> 00:04:57,260 milligrams of caffeine, while a green 114 00:04:57,260 --> 00:04:58,660 tea has 28 milligrams. 115 00:04:59,400 --> 00:05:01,420 However, coffee consumption 116 00:05:01,460 --> 00:05:02,780 requires some caution. 117 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:05,740 For healthy adults, the recommended limit 118 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:08,300 is 400 milligrams of caffeine per day, 119 00:05:08,700 --> 00:05:11,220 which is equivalent to 4 or 5 cups of coffee. 120 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:14,880 Exceeding this limit can cause 121 00:05:15,100 --> 00:05:16,900 side effects such as insomnia, 122 00:05:16,920 --> 00:05:20,420 irritability, anxiety, stomach upset, 123 00:05:20,490 --> 00:05:22,020 nausea, and headaches. 124 00:05:22,300 --> 00:05:24,420 Of course, these limits vary 125 00:05:24,420 --> 00:05:26,060 because some people are genetically 126 00:05:26,140 --> 00:05:27,860 more sensitive to caffeine. 127 00:05:28,920 --> 00:05:31,220 But when enjoyed in moderation, 128 00:05:31,220 --> 00:05:32,960 coffee can be good for your health. 129 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:36,080 It can help lower the risk of 130 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:37,570 diabetes, some cardiovascular diseases, 131 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:39,780 and even Parkinson's disease. 132 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:45,460 And these health benefits aren't just 133 00:05:45,460 --> 00:05:47,260 related to caffeine. 134 00:05:47,700 --> 00:05:49,540 Coffee contains other beneficial 135 00:05:49,540 --> 00:05:52,340 substances, such as chlorogenic acid, 136 00:05:52,480 --> 00:05:54,760 a powerful antioxidant that can 137 00:05:54,760 --> 00:05:56,940 reduce the risk of many diseases. 138 00:05:58,000 --> 00:05:59,420 The truth is, there are many more 139 00:05:59,420 --> 00:06:01,260 interesting facts about coffee, although 140 00:06:01,260 --> 00:06:03,800 personally I prefer yerba mate. 141 00:06:04,600 --> 00:06:06,640 But if you liked this video, you know what to do: 142 00:06:06,640 --> 00:06:09,100 like it, share it, subscribe to 143 00:06:09,220 --> 00:06:11,420 our channel, and we'll see you next time.
Download as a .srt file
Download
Copy to clipboard
Copy
START TRANSCRIBING NOW!
Top of Page
